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Zhijian James Chen
Zhijian James Chen (陈志坚) is a Chinese American biochemist and Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. He is best known for using classical biochemistry to discover new pathways and mechanisms in innate immunity and cell signaling. His scientific contributions include the discovery of a proteasome-independent role of ubiquitin in protein kinase activation, the discovery of MAVS (Mitochondrial Anti-Viral Signaling protein) and the role of mitochondria in antiviral innate immune responses, and the more recent discoveries of the cytosolic DNA sensor, Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS; cGAMP synthase), and a new second messenger, Cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate (cyclic GMP-AMP, cGAMP), which play key roles in immune defense as well as autoimmune diseases.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/molecular-biology.html )〕 He has won numerous distinctions for his scientific contributions including the Norman Hackerman Award in Chemical Research, The Edith and Peter O’Donnell Award in Science, and the National Academy of Sciences Award in Molecular Biology. James currently holds the George L. MacGregor Distinguished Chair in Biomedical Science and is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/fis/faculty/29110/zhijian-chen.html )〕 He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Zhijian (James) Chen )〕
== Early life and education ==
Chen grew up in a small village in southern China.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fjkx.org/News.aspx?ID=18166 )〕 He attended Fujian Normal University and received an undergraduate degree in biology in 1985, before he won an overseas scholarship by getting first place in a biochemistry exam. Chen used the scholarship to attend the State University of New York at Buffalo, where he got his Ph.D. in biochemistry in 1991.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hhmi.org/research/investigators/chen_bio.html )〕 During his graduate education, Chen became interested in the biochemical pathway of the protein ubiquitin at a time when less than a dozen laboratories were researching the protein's function in the human body.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bwfund.org/pages/451/Awardee-Profile---James-Chen/ )〕 After graduating, Chen did a year of post-doctoral work with the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.tamest.org/programs/2007recipients.html )〕
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